Boulder. The scientist-practitioner model is used by philosophers in the field of practical philosophy as a means of facilitating applied research. The scientific approach allows practicing philosophers to model a scientific method of applied philosophy. Philosophical models utilize the BM as science.
Vail. The practitioner-scholar model is used by philosophers in the field of practical philosophy as a means of facilitating practicality. The scholarly approach allows practicing philosophers to model a scholastic method of practical philosophy. Philosophical models utilize the VM as arts.